Water and sanitation deficits are no longer just a development challenge – they are a growing threat to peace, energy security, and food systems across Africa. As climate change intensifies droughts and floods, competition over shared water resources is fuelling fragility, particularly in the Sahel, the Horn of Africa, and Central Africa. Realising the potential of the African Water Vision 2063 demands integrated Water–Energy–Food governance, stronger transboundary institutions, and water security embedded within Africa's Peace and Security Architecture.