The Institute for Security Studies (ISS) Cape Town office invites you to a public seminar focussing on the causes of the uprisings that took place in 2011 throughout North Africa, and the impact they have had on the continent. The apparent regime changes remain a contested area for African scholars. Some have argued that they represent a popular people-led revolution which could be a positive force for democratic consolidation on the continent. Another view is that that some of these uprisings represent unconstitutional regime changes that have come about, in part, as a result of foreign intervention in the affairs of African states.