Halkano Wario | ENACT Africa

20 Jan 2026 / by Halkano Wario & Samira Aden Abdi

Stolen seas: Somalia’s struggle with illegal fishing

Weak institutions, limited naval capacity and corrupt licensing systems have allowed foreign fleets unfettered access to Somalia's resource-rich waters.

30 Sep 2025 / by Halkano Wario & Noor Ali

Kenya’s 10-year plan to save the pancake tortoise

These beautifully patterned creatures face extinction due to habitat loss, land clearance, the illegal pet trade and climate change.

09 Sep 2025 / by Halkano Wario

Can anti-money laundering amendments get Kenya off FATF’s grey list?

The country’s new anti-money laundering and anti-terror financing amendments target deficiencies cited by the Financial Action Task Force.

01 Jul 2025 / by Halkano Wario

Somalia’s gulper shark oil trade lands species in deep water

A clandestine syndicate in the country’s Bosaso port city is threatening the entire gulper shark family.

01 Jul 2025 / by Willis Okumu & Halkano Wario

Informality and criminality in East Africa’s gold trade

While artisanal gold mining supports millions of livelihoods across the region, inadequate legal frameworks enable organised criminal activities throughout the sector.

12 May 2025 / by Halkano Wario

Illegal fishing risks the lives of Somalia’s crustacean fishers

The scarcity of fish is pushing fisherfolk to use improvised diving gear at greater depths further from shore.

12 Feb 2025 / by Halkano Wario & Samira Aden Abdi

Türkiye throws Somalia a lifeline to catch illegal fishers

A maritime deal between the countries could help build Somalia’s naval capacity to curb illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing.

24 Sep 2024 / by Halkano Wario & Nicodemus Minde

To ban or to regulate muguka in Kenya?

Kenya needs in-depth empirical research to better regulate muguka and miraa drug consumption amid calls for restrictions.

31 Jul 2024 / by Halkano Wario

Kenya’s courts must deal with drug cases with a dash of speed

Expediting major narcotics cases could improve Kenyans’ trust in the criminal justice system and help curb trafficking.

30 May 2024 / by Willis Okumu & Halkano Wario

Cellphones for a steal: Kenyans robbed to supply East Africa

Syndicates driven by the high demand for cheap handsets are robbing Kenyans to supply the region with stolen mobiles.

29 Apr 2024 / by Willis Okumu, Halkano Wario & Valtino Omolo

How can Kenya get off the FATF’s dreaded list?

The country must improve its financial integrity through its anti-money laundering laws, especially in the real estate, legal, casino and transport sectors.

01 Mar 2024 / by Halkano Wario

Somalia must tackle rampant organised criminality

Joining the East African Community could have immense benefits for the country if it curbs the prevalent criminal markets.